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| English: Mishne Torah, the Oral law by Maimonides, in 1 volume. עברית: משנה תורה בכרך אחד, מנוקד ומדויק על פי כתבי יד, בהוצאת מפעל משנה תורה (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
The
Mishnah or
Mishna is also called Deuterosis, which means "repetition" in Ancient Greek. It is the first major work of
Rabbinic Judaism. Mishnar is also the first part of the Talmud
Mishnah is pronounced: (
//;
Hebrew:
מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition"). It is from the verb
shanah שנה, or "to study and review", also "secondary,"
is the first major written
redaction of the Jewish oral traditions known as the "
Oral Torah".
 |
| Nevatim
in the Negev, Religion in Israel - the Hebrew initials כ ת stand for
כתר תורה "Crown of Torah" (based on Mishnah, Avot 4:13). (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
The list of joyful days known as Megillat Taanit is older, but according to the Talmud it is no longer in force.
Commentary on Tractate Avot with an Introduction (Shemona perakim)
The list of joyful days known as Megillat Taanit is older, but according to the Talmud it is no longer in force.
Description
This manuscript contains one of Maimonides’ commentaries on the
Mishnah, the first major work of Rabbinic Judaism.
The commentary is on the tractate
Avot (Ethics of the fathers), in which Maimonides expounded on morality and the nature of man’s soul, with an introduction (
Shemonah perakim)
(Eight chapters).
Also included are the thirteen principles of belief
or articles of faith, a credo of Judaism formulated by Maimonides, a
version of which is still used in most Jewish prayer books.
Among the
principles affirmed in the credo are the oneness of God, the divine
origins of the Torah, the afterlife, and the coming of the Messiah.
Moses ben Maimon, better known as Maimonides, was a Jewish theologian,
philosopher, and physician.
He was born in Cόrdoba, Spain, in 1135. In
1160 he moved with his family to Fez, Morocco, to escape religious
persecution, and eventually settled in Cairo, where he became the
personal physician to the sultan and his family.
He also served as the
head of the Jewish community of Cairo, where he died in 1204. His works
on theology, law, philosophy, and medicine, mostly written in Arabic and
translated into Hebrew, Latin, and other languages, were widely
influential in both the Jewish and non-Jewish worlds.
The Mishnah was redacted between 180 and 220 CE by Rabbi Yehudah haNasi.
A REDACTION is a form of editing in which multiple source texts are combined (redacted)
and altered slightly to make a single document. Often this is a method
of collecting a series of writings on a similar theme and creating a
definitive and coherent work.
According to the Talmud, the persecution of the Jews and the passage of time raised the possibility that the details of the oral traditions of the Pharisees from the Second Temple period (536 BCE – 70 CE) would be forgotten.
The majority of the Mishnah is written in
Mishnaic Hebrew, while some parts are
Aramaic.
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